BACKGROUNDER - Comparison of World’s Three Largest Cod Stocks - Atlantic Groundfish Council

BACKGROUNDER – Comparison of World’s Three Largest Cod Stocks

The updated 2026 numbers confirm that Northern cod continues to have the largest Spawning Stock Biomass (SSB) of any cod stock in the world with an exploitation rate remaining well below other cod stocks.

 

Stock Northern Cod (2J3KL) Iceland (Div. 5a) Barents Sea (Subareas 1 & 2)
Location Canada Iceland Northeast Arctic
Date of Assessment 27.03.2025 6.06.2025 1.07.2025
Weblink DFO 2025 ICES Div 5.a ICES 1 & 2 Advice
Spawning Stock

Biomass (t)

540,000

(2026)

386,752

(2025)

330,486

(2025)

Total Biomass (t) ~780,000

(2026)

972,145

(2025)

~1,200,000

(2025)

TAC (t) 38,000

(2025/26)

203,822*
(2025/26)
285,000

(2026)

Limit Reference Point (t) 240,000 125,000 220,000
Fishing mortality** 0.04

(to end of 2025)

0.20

(to end of 2024)

0.62

(to end of 2024)

Breakdown of gear type used Primarily gillnet with some longline, handline, and otter trawl

 

OT – 55%

LL – 26%

GN – 6%

DS – 7%

JG – 6%

OT – 60 – 80%

FG – 20 – 40%

Seasons/months of harvest Fixed Gear – Year-Round with spawning period closure

Otter Trawl – Year-Round with spawning period closure

Year-Round Year-Round with spawning period closures
Sustainability status FIP (A Rating) MSC

IRFC

MSC

*Icelandic fishing year calendar 1 Sept 2024 – 31 Aug 2025.

**Fishing mortality from assessment model outputs.